Chapter 5 · California Policy — NEM 3.0 in Depth
5.1 The evolution from NEM 1.0 to 2.0 to 3.0
| Version | Effective period | Export credit | Battery required? |
|---|---|---|---|
| NEM 1.0 | 2007–2016 | 1 kWh exported = 1 kWh credit (full retail) | No |
| NEM 2.0 | 2016–2023.4 | Close to 1:1, with small non-bypassable charges | Not required (but better with one) |
| NEM 3.0 / NBT | April 2023 – present | Set by the ACC (Avoided Cost Calculator) — typically 1/4 to 1/8 of retail | Strongly required |
NEM 1.0 / 2.0 customers have 20-year grandfathering measured from the date of interconnection.
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Background: NEM 3.0 = NBT (Net Billing Tariff)
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5.2 What actually changed under NEM 3.0
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